11. (a) (i) For what is ATP an abbreviation?
(ii) What is the role of ATP in cells?
(b) (i) What name is given to the first stage of respiration?
(ii) Where in a cell does this first stage take place?
(iii) To what substance is glucose normally converted in this first stage of respiration?
(iv) Is oxygen required for this conversion?
(v) Name a compound to which the substance that you have named in (iii) may be converted, in the absence of oxygen - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 11 - 2007
Question 11
11. (a) (i) For what is ATP an abbreviation?
(ii) What is the role of ATP in cells?
(b) (i) What name is given to the first stage of respiration?
(ii) Where i... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:11. (a) (i) For what is ATP an abbreviation?
(ii) What is the role of ATP in cells?
(b) (i) What name is given to the first stage of respiration?
(ii) Where in a cell does this first stage take place?
(iii) To what substance is glucose normally converted in this first stage of respiration?
(iv) Is oxygen required for this conversion?
(v) Name a compound to which the substance that you have named in (iii) may be converted, in the absence of oxygen - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 11 - 2007
Step 1
What is ATP an abbreviation?
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Answer
ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate.
Step 2
What is the role of ATP in cells?
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Answer
ATP stores and provides energy for various cellular processes, enabling biochemical reactions and functions.
Step 3
What name is given to the first stage of respiration?
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Answer
The first stage of respiration is called glycolysis.
Step 4
Where in a cell does this first stage take place?
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Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Step 5
To what substance is glucose normally converted in this first stage of respiration?
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Answer
In glycolysis, glucose is normally converted to pyruvate (or pyruvic acid).
Step 6
Is oxygen required for this conversion?
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Answer
No, oxygen is not required for glycolysis.
Step 7
Name a compound to which the substance that you have named in (iii) may be converted, in the absence of oxygen.
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Answer
In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate can be converted to lactic acid or ethanol.
Step 8
Outline subsequent events in the total breakdown of this product.
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Answer
In aerobic respiration, after glycolysis, pyruvate is transported to the mitochondrion where it is converted into acetyl CoA. This then enters the Krebs cycle, leading to the release of carbon dioxide and the production of ATP. The electrons released during these reactions move through the electron transport chain, ultimately producing more ATP and water as byproducts.
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