The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017
Question 15
The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs.
(i) There are five regions in the ver... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017
Step 1
There are five regions in the vertebral column. Name any two of these regions and state how many bones are found in each named region.
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Answer
The two chosen regions of the vertebral column are:
Cervical Region: Contains 7 bones.
Thoracic Region: Contains 12 bones.
Step 2
What are the intervertebral discs made of and what is their function?
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Answer
Intervertebral discs are made of cartilage. Their primary function is to serve as shock absorbers to reduce friction between the vertebrae during movement.
Step 3
Name the cells that break down bone.
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Osteoclasts are the cells that break down bone.
Step 4
Name the cells that build bone.
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Osteoblasts are the cells that build bone.
Step 5
Give two factors on which the continued renewal of bone depends.
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Answer
Two factors on which the continued renewal of bone depends are:
Diet or specific reference to the supply of calcium (or phosphate).
Supply of vitamin D, exercise, age, reference to hormones or gender.
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